GSP864

Overview

The Cloud Data Loss Prevention (DLP) API is part of Sensitive Data Protection, which is a fully managed service designed to help discover, classify, and protect sensitive information.

You can use the DLP API to classify data in a variety of ways, including data type, sensitivity level, and catagories.

The DLP API protects sensitive data in a variety of ways, including:

• Redaction: redact sensitive data from a document or file.
• Masking: mask sensitive data with a placeholder, such as *.
• Tokenization: replace sensitive data with a unique identifier.
• Encryption: encrypt sensitive data.

In this lab, you learn the basic capabilities of the DLP API and try out various ways to use the API to protect data.

What you'll learn

In this lab, you use the DLP API to do the following:

• Inspect strings and files for matching info types
• Learn about de-identification techniques and de-identify data
• Redact info types in strings and images

Setup and requirements

Before you click the Start Lab button

Read these instructions. Labs are timed and you cannot pause them. The timer, which starts when you click Start Lab, shows how long Google Cloud resources are made available to you.

This hands-on lab lets you do the lab activities in a real cloud environment, not in a simulation or demo environment. It does so by giving you new, temporary credentials you use to sign in and access Google Cloud for the duration of the lab.

To complete this lab, you need:

• Access to a standard internet browser (Chrome browser recommended).

Note: Use an Incognito (recommended) or private browser window to run this lab. This prevents conflicts between your personal account and the student account, which may cause extra charges incurred to your personal account.

• Time to complete the lab—remember, once you start, you cannot pause a lab.

Note: Use only the student account for this lab. If you use a different Google Cloud account, you may incur charges to that account.

How to start your lab and sign in to the Google Cloud console

1. Click the Start Lab button. If you need to pay for the lab, a dialog opens for you to select your payment method. On the left is the Lab Details pane with the following:

   • The Open Google Cloud console button
   • Time remaining
   • The temporary credentials that you must use for this lab
   • Other information, if needed, to step through this lab

2. Click Open Google Cloud console (or right-click and select Open Link in Incognito Window if you are running the Chrome browser).

   The lab spins up resources, and then opens another tab that shows the Sign in page.

   Tip: Arrange the tabs in separate windows, side-by-side.

   Note: If you see the Choose an account dialog, click Use Another Account.

3. If necessary, copy the Username below and paste it into the Sign in dialog.

   {{{user_0.username | "Username"}}}

   You can also find the Username in the Lab Details pane.

4. Click Next.

5. Copy the Password below and paste it into the Welcome dialog.

   {{{user_0.password | "Password"}}}

   You can also find the Password in the Lab Details pane.

6. Click Next.

   Important: You must use the credentials the lab provides you. Do not use your Google Cloud account credentials. Note: Using your own Google Cloud account for this lab may incur extra charges.

7. Click through the subsequent pages:

   • Accept the terms and conditions.
   • Do not add recovery options or two-factor authentication (because this is a temporary account).
   • Do not sign up for free trials.

After a few moments, the Google Cloud console opens in this tab.

Note: To access Google Cloud products and services, click the Navigation menu or type the service or product name in the Search field.

Activate Cloud Shell

Cloud Shell is a virtual machine that is loaded with development tools. It offers a persistent 5GB home directory and runs on the Google Cloud. Cloud Shell provides command-line access to your Google Cloud resources.

1. Click Activate Cloud Shell at the top of the Google Cloud console.

2. Click through the following windows:

   • Continue through the Cloud Shell information window.
   • Authorize Cloud Shell to use your credentials to make Google Cloud API calls.

When you are connected, you are already authenticated, and the project is set to your Project_ID, . The output contains a line that declares the Project_ID for this session:

Your Cloud Platform project in this session is set to {{{project_0.project_id | "PROJECT_ID"}}}

gcloud is the command-line tool for Google Cloud. It comes pre-installed on Cloud Shell and supports tab-completion.

3. (Optional) You can list the active account name with this command:

gcloud auth list

4. Click Authorize.

Output:

ACTIVE: * ACCOUNT: {{{user_0.username | "ACCOUNT"}}} To set the active account, run: $ gcloud config set account `ACCOUNT`

5. (Optional) You can list the project ID with this command:

gcloud config list project

Output:

[core] project = {{{project_0.project_id | "PROJECT_ID"}}} Note: For full documentation of gcloud, in Google Cloud, refer to the gcloud CLI overview guide.

Set the region

Set the region for your project:

gcloud config set compute/region {{{project_0.default_region | Region}}}

Task 1. Clone the repo and enable APIs

1. In Cloud Shell, run the following command to download the Cloud Data Loss Prevention Node.js Client repository:

git clone https://github.com/googleapis/synthtool

2. Once you download the project code, change into the samples directory and install the required Node.js packages:

cd synthtool/tests/fixtures/nodejs-dlp/samples/ && npm install Note: Ignore any warning messages.

3. Make sure you're using the correct project by setting it with the following gcloud command:

export PROJECT_ID={{{project_0.project_id | ""}}} gcloud config set project $PROJECT_ID

Enable APIs

Here are the APIs needed to enable your project:

• DLP API - Provides methods for detection, risk analysis, and de-identification of privacy-sensitive fragments in text, images, and Google Cloud storage repositories.
• Cloud Key Management Service (KMS) API - Google Cloud KMS allows encryption key management and performs cryptographic operations with those keys.

1. Enable the required APIs with the following gcloud command:

gcloud services enable dlp.googleapis.com cloudkms.googleapis.com \ --project $PROJECT_ID

Click Check my progress to verify the objective. Enable the APIs

Task 2. Inspect strings and files

The samples directory of the project downloaded in the preceding step contains several javascript files that make use of the different functionality of the DLP API. The file inspectString.js inspects a provided string for sensitive info types.

1. Provide the string option and a sample string with some potentially sensitive information:

node inspectString.js $PROJECT_ID "My email address is jenny@somedomain.com and you can call me at 555-867-5309" > inspected-string.txt

The output tells you the findings for each matched info type, which includes:

• InfoType: the information type detected for that part of the string. Find a full list of possible info types here. By default, inspectString.js inspects only for info types CREDIT_CARD_NUMBER, PHONE_NUMBER, PERSON_NAME AND EMAIL_ADDRESS

• Likelihood: the results are categorized based on how likely they each represent a match. Likelihood can range from VERY_UNLIKELY to VERY_LIKELY.

Check the output using below command:

cat inspected-string.txt

The findings for the request above are:

Findings: Info type: PERSON_NAME Likelihood: POSSIBLE Info type: EMAIL_ADDRESS Likelihood: LIKELY Info type: PHONE_NUMBER Likelihood: VERY_LIKELY

2. Similarly, you can inspect files for info types. Run the following command to review the sample accounts.txt file:

cat resources/accounts.txt

The file includes the following text:

My credit card number is 1234 5678 9012 3456, and my CVV is 789.

3. Use the inspectFile.js file to inspect the provided file for sensitive info types:

node inspectFile.js $PROJECT_ID resources/accounts.txt > inspected-file.txt

Check the output using below command:

cat inspected-file.txt

The results:

Findings: Info type: CREDIT_CARD_NUMBER Likelihood: VERY_LIKELY

Below is the asynchronous function that uses the API to inspect the string input:

async function inspectString( ProjectId, string, minLikelihood, maxFindings, infoTypes, customInfoTypes, includeQuote ) { ... }

The arguments provided for the parameters above are used to construct a request object. That request is then provided to the inspectContent function to get a response that results in the output:

// Construct item to inspect const item = {value: string}; // Construct request const request = { parent: `projects/${projectId}/locations/global`, inspectConfig: { infoTypes: infoTypes, customInfoTypes: customInfoTypes, minLikelihood: minLikelihood, includeQuote: includeQuote, limits: { maxFindingsPerRequest: maxFindings, }, }, item: item, }; // Run request const [response] = await dlp.inspectContent(request);

Upload output to Cloud Storage

Run the following commands to upload the responses on Cloud Storage for activity tracking validation:

gsutil cp inspected-string.txt gs://{{{project_0.startup_script.gcs_bucket_name|bucket_name_filled_after_lab_start}}} gsutil cp inspected-file.txt gs://{{{project_0.startup_script.gcs_bucket_name|bucket_name_filled_after_lab_start}}}

Click Check my progress to verify the objective. Inspect strings and files

Task 3. De-identification

Beyond inspecting and detecting sensitive data, you can also use Sensitive Data Protection to perform de-identification using the DLP API. De-identification is the process of removing identifying information from data. The API detects sensitive data as defined by info types, then uses a de-identification transformation to mask, delete, or otherwise obscure the data.

1. Run the following command to use deidentifyWithMask.js to try de-identification with a mask:

node deidentifyWithMask.js $PROJECT_ID "My order number is F12312399. Email me at anthony@somedomain.com" > de-identify-output.txt

Check the output using below command:

cat de-identify-output.txt

With a mask, the API replaces the characters of the matching info type with a different character, * by default. Example output:

My order number is F12312399. Email me at *****************************

Notice that the email address in the string is obfuscated while the arbitrary order number is intact. (Custom info types are possible but out of scope of this lab).

Look at the function that uses the DLP API to de-identify with a mask. Once again, these arguments are used to construct a request object. This time it's provided to the deidentifyContent function:

async function deidentifyWithMask() { const request = { parent: `projects/${projectId}/locations/global`, deidentifyConfig: { infoTypeTransformations: { transformations: [ { primitiveTransformation: { characterMaskConfig: { maskingCharacter: maskingCharacter, numberToMask: numberToMask, }, }, }, ], }, }, item: item, }; // Run deidentification request const [response] = await dlp.deidentifyContent(request);

Upload output to Cloud Storage

Run the following commands to upload the responses on Cloud Storage for activity tracking validation:

gsutil cp de-identify-output.txt gs://{{{project_0.startup_script.gcs_bucket_name|bucket_name_filled_after_lab_start}}}

Click Check my progress to verify the objective. De-identification

Task 4. Redact strings and images

Another method of obfuscating sensitive information is redaction. Redaction replaces a match with the info type it's identified to match with.

1. Use redactText.js to redact text from a sample input:

node redactText.js $PROJECT_ID "Please refund the purchase to my credit card 4012888888881881" CREDIT_CARD_NUMBER > redacted-string.txt

Check the output using below command:

cat redacted-string.txt

The output replaces the sample credit card number with the info type CREDIT_CARD_NUMBER:

Please refund the purchase on my credit card [CREDIT_CARD_NUMBER]

This is useful if you'd like to hide sensitive information but still identify the type of information that's being removed. The DLP API can similarly redact information from images that contain text. Take a look at a sample image (located in the samples/resources directory):

2. To redact the phone number from the image above, run the following command:

node redactImage.js $PROJECT_ID resources/test.png "" PHONE_NUMBER ./redacted-phone.png

As specified, a new image named redacted-phone.png is generated with the requested information blacked out. To verify, open the samples/redacted-phone.png file using Cloud Shell Code Editor:

Note: In the Cloud Shell Code Editor, use the left (Explorer) pane to navigate to synthtool > tests > fixtures > nodejs-dlp > samples > redacted-phone.png

3. Try it again to redact the email address from the image:

node redactImage.js $PROJECT_ID resources/test.png "" EMAIL_ADDRESS ./redacted-email.png

As specified, a new image named redacted-email.png is generated with the requested information blacked out. To verify, open the samples/redacted-email.png file in the Cloud Shell Code Editor:

Here is the function that is used to redact from a string:

async function redactText( callingProjectId, string, minLikelihood, infoTypes ) { ...}

And here is the request provided to the deidentifyContent function:

const request = { parent: `projects/${projectId}/locations/global`, item: { value: string, }, deidentifyConfig: { infoTypeTransformations: { transformations: [replaceWithInfoTypeTransformation], }, }, inspectConfig: { minLikelihood: minLikelihood, infoTypes: infoTypes, }, }; const [response] = await dlp.deidentifyContent(request);

Similarly, here is the function for redacting an image:

async function redactImage( callingProjectId, filepath, minLikelihood, infoTypes, outputPath ) { ...}

And here is the request provided to the redactImage function:

// Construct image redaction request const request = { parent: `projects/${projectId}/locations/global`, byteItem: { type: fileTypeConstant, data: fileBytes, }, inspectConfig: { minLikelihood: minLikelihood, infoTypes: infoTypes, }, imageRedactionConfigs: imageRedactionConfigs, };

Upload output to Cloud Storage

Run the following commands to upload the responses on Cloud Storage for activity tracking validation:

gsutil cp redacted-string.txt gs://{{{project_0.startup_script.gcs_bucket_name|bucket_name_filled_after_lab_start}}} gsutil cp redacted-phone.png gs://{{{project_0.startup_script.gcs_bucket_name|bucket_name_filled_after_lab_start}}} gsutil cp redacted-email.png gs://{{{project_0.startup_script.gcs_bucket_name|bucket_name_filled_after_lab_start}}}

Click Check my progress to verify the objective. Redact strings and images

Congratulations!

The Cloud Data Loss Prevention (DLP) API is a powerful tool that provides access to a powerful sensitive data inspection, classification, and de-identification platform. You used the DLP API to inspect strings and files for multiple info types, and then redact data from a string and an image.

Next steps / Learn more

Be sure to check out the following documentation for more practice with the DLP API:

• Cloud Data Loss Prevention (part of Sensitive Data Protection).
• The Google Cloud blog post that discusses protecting sensitive data using the DLP API.

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Manual Last Updated January 23, 2025

Lab Last Tested January 23, 2025

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