Контрольні точки
Create two custom VPCs with subnetworks and firewall rules.
/ 10
Create two VPN gateways and necessary forwarding rules.
/ 10
Create two VPN tunnels.
/ 10
Create two VMs and install iperf via ssh.
/ 10
Building a High-throughput VPN
GSP062
Overview
This hands-on lab will show you how to create secure, high-throughput VPN and test the speed.
Secure communication between Google Cloud and other clouds or on-premises systems is a common, critical need. Fortunately, Google Cloud makes it easy for you to create a secure Internet Protocol security (IPsec) virtual private networks (VPNs) to achieve this goal. If a single tunnel does not provide necessary throughput, Google Cloud can smoothly distribute traffic across multiple tunnels to provide additional bandwidth.
Objectives
Create VPN
- Create a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) named
cloud
to simulate your Google Cloud network, and a VPC namedon-prem
(on-premises) to simulate an external network. - Create VPN gateways, forwarding rules, and addresses for the
cloud
VPC. - Form a tunnel for the new VPN, and route traffic through it.
- Repeat the VPN creation process for the
on-prem
VPC, creating a second VPN.
Test VPNs
- Create a virtual machine (VM) using Compute Engine for throughput load testing.
- Test throughput speed of a single VPN using
iperf
.
Prerequisites
- Review and familiarize yourself with how to create a VPN using Google Cloud.
- Review the VPC network overview guide.
Task 1. Creating the cloud VPC
In this section, you will:
- Create a VPC to simulate your cloud production network.
- Allow common types of traffic to flow through the VPC.
- Create a subnet for deploying hosts.
- After you start up Cloud Shell, create a custom VPC named
cloud
associated with your Google Cloud project by running the following:
This VPC allows you to use non-default IP addressing, but does not include any default firewall rules.
- Run the following to enable
SSH
andicmp
, because you'll need a secure shell to communicate with VMs during load testing:
- Create a subnet within this VPC and specify a region and IP range by running:
In this solution, you'll be using 10.0.1.0/24
and the
Task 2. Creating the on-prem VPC
In this section create a simulation of your on-prem
VPC, or any network you want to connect to cloud
. In practice you'll already have resources here, but for the purpose of creating tunnels and validating configurations, follow these steps.
- In Cloud Shell create a new custom subnet VPC associated with your project named
on-prem
by running:
- Run the following to enable
SSH
andicmp
for hosts in theon-prem
VPC, because you'll need a secure shell to communicate with VMs during load testing:
- Specify the subnet prefix for the region using the following command:
Task 3. Creating VPN gateways
Each environment requires VPN gateways for secure external communication. Follow these steps to create the initial gateways for your cloud and on-prem
VPCs:
- In Cloud Shell create a VPN gateway named
on-prem-gw1
in theon-prem
VPC andregion:
- Now create a VPN gateway named
cloud-gw1
in thecloud
VPC andregion:
Task 4. Creating a route-based VPN tunnel between local and Google Cloud networks
The VPN gateways each need a static, external IP address so that systems outside the VPC can communicate with them. Now you'll create IP addresses and routes on the cloud and on-prem
VPCs.
- In Cloud Shell allocate the IP for the
cloud-gw1
VPN gateway:
- Then allocate the IP for the
on-prem-gw1
VPN gateway:
- Now store the gateway addresses so you won't have to look them up in later commands.
First, for the cloud-gw1
gateway:
Second, for the on-prem-gw1
gateway:
- Now you'll create forwarding rules for IPsec on the
cloud
VPC. You'll need to create forwarding rules in both directions.
Forward the Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) protocol from cloud-gw1
:
Forward UDP:500
traffic from cloud-gw1:
Forward UDP:4500
traffic from cloud-gw1:
- Use the same method to create firewall forwarding rules for the IPsec tunnel on the
on-prem
VPC. This step allows the IPsec tunnel to exit your firewalls:
Forward the ESP protocol from on-prem-gw1
:
Forward UDP:500
traffic, used in establishing the IPsec tunnel from on-prem-gw1:
Forward UDP:4500
traffic, which carries the encrypted traffic from on-prem-gw1
:
Ordinarily you would need to go generate a secret for the next step, where you create and validate the tunnels on-prem-tunnel1
and cloud-tunnel1
. For details about how to create and securely store secrets, view the Secret Manager conceptual overview guide. For now just use the string "sharedsecret".
Create a tunnel for the local network on-prem-tunnel1
, and for the cloud-based network cloud-tunnel1
. Each network must have a VPN gateway, and the secrets must match. In the following two commands, where you would, in a production scenario, replace [MY_SECRET]
with the secret you generated, replace it with "sharedsecret"
- Create the VPN tunnel from
on-prem
tocloud
:
- Create the VPN tunnel from cloud to on-prem:
Now that you've created the gateways and built the tunnels, you need to add routes from the subnets through the two tunnels.
- Route traffic from the
on-prem
VPC to thecloud 10.0.1.0/24
range into the tunnel:
- Route traffic from the
cloud
VPC to theon-prem 192.168.1.0/24
range into the tunnel:
Task 5. Testing throughput over VPN
At this point, you've established a secure path between the on-prem and cloud VPCs. To test throughput use iperf, an open-source tool for network load testing. To test, you'll need a VM in each environment, one to send traffic and the other to receive it, and you'll create them next.
Single VPN load testing
Now you'll create a virtual machine for the cloud VPC named is cloud-loadtest
. This example uses a Debian Linux image for the OS.
- Run the following:
- Create a virtual machine for the
on-prem
VPC namedon-prem-loadtest
. This example uses the same Debian image as in the cloud VPC. Omit this step if you have existing resources.
Run the following:
- SSH into each VM, using the Console or command line, and install a copy of iperf with the following command line:
- On the
on-prem-loadtest
VM, run this command:
You have created an iperf server on the VM that reports its status every 5 seconds.
- On the
cloud-loadtest
VM, run this command:
This creates an iperf client with twenty streams, which will report values after 10 seconds of testing.
Trouble shooting for the issues you may face
- While creating tunnels for the local network, if you forgot to replace [MY_SECRET] with "sharedsecret".
You can delete the created VPN tunnels by following command:
- replace [tunnel-name] with name of the tunnel
- replace [region] with the region which you specified while creating tunnel.
- If you are having trouble with the section single VPN load testing:
-
Make sure you installed iperf on both VMs.
-
In case of connection refused error, verify that:
- Firewall rules for created networks (tcp:5001)
- The server is running properly on
on-prem-loadtest
- You are trying to connect to the server via
cloud-loadtest
- If you are trying to see the forwarding rules that you created in the Console:
- In the Navigation menu go to the Networking section.
- Click on Network Connectivity > VPN.
- Click on the Cloud VPN Gateway to view the Cloud VPN Gateway details page.
Congratulations!
Finish your quest
These self-paced labs are part of the Network Performance and Optimization and Security & Identity Fundamentals quests. A quest is a series of related labs that form a learning path. Completing a quest earns you a badge to recognize your achievement. You can make your badge or badges public and link to them in your online resume or social media account. Enroll in any quest that contains this lab and get immediate completion credit. Refer to the Google Cloud Skills Boost catalog for all available quests.
Take your next lab
Continue your quest with Cloud CDN, or check out these suggestions:
What's next
- Review Google Cloud Router to enable Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) and increase fault tolerance.
- Review Google Cloud Interconnect for other interconnection options.
- Monitor the VPN gateways with Google Stackdriver.
- Try out other Google Cloud features for yourself. Have a look at our tutorials.
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Manual Last Updated January 10, 2024
Lab Last Tested January 10, 2024
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